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#architect

31 articles — updated daily

Multi-Server MCP Architecture: Routing, Isolation, and Control

Multi-Server MCP Architecture: Routing, Isolation, and Control

An architecture guide for coordinating multiple MCP servers without creating tool collisions, permission sprawl, or shared failure domains.

MCP Sampling Explained: Model Calls Requested by Servers

MCP Sampling Explained: Model Calls Requested by Servers

A practical explanation of MCP sampling, including message flow, model preferences, tool use, approvals, security, and current design status.

MCP Roots and Filesystem Boundaries Explained

MCP Roots and Filesystem Boundaries Explained

A security-focused guide to MCP roots, file URI validation, workspace boundaries, user consent, symlinks, and modern alternatives.

MCP Logging and Completion Utilities

MCP Logging and Completion Utilities

A practical reference to MCP logging notifications and completion suggestions, including current status, security, and implementation boundaries.

MCP Elicitation: Requesting User Input Safely

MCP Elicitation: Requesting User Input Safely

A practical guide to requesting missing user input during MCP operations without confusing conversation, consent, or credentials.

Why MCP Exists: The Integration Problem It Solves

Why MCP Exists: The Integration Problem It Solves

Understand why AI integrations become difficult at scale and how MCP creates a reusable boundary between AI applications and external systems.

What Is MCP? A Practical Guide for AI Agent Builders

What Is MCP? A Practical Guide for AI Agent Builders

A practical, beginner-friendly guide to the Model Context Protocol: its host-client-server architecture, tools and resources, request flow, trade-offs, and security boundaries.

MCP vs Function Calling: What Actually Changes?

MCP vs Function Calling: What Actually Changes?

A practical comparison of MCP and model function calling, including their boundaries, request flow, portability, security, and combined architecture.

MCP vs APIs: What Changes and When to Use Each

MCP vs APIs: What Changes and When to Use Each

Learn how MCP relates to REST APIs and SDKs, what each layer owns, and why most production MCP servers still call existing APIs.

How MCP Works: From User Request to Tool Result

How MCP Works: From User Request to Tool Result

Trace an MCP interaction from server discovery through model tool selection, host authorization, execution, and the final answer.

MCP Architecture: Hosts, Clients, Servers, Tools, and Resources

MCP Architecture: Hosts, Clients, Servers, Tools, and Resources

A component-by-component guide to MCP architecture, including host and client responsibilities, server primitives, transports, and trust boundaries.

MCP Tools Explained: How AI Agents Take Action

MCP Tools Explained: How AI Agents Take Action

A practical guide to MCP tools, including schemas, discovery, execution, approvals, errors, and safe production design.

MCP Transports: STDIO vs Streamable HTTP

MCP Transports: STDIO vs Streamable HTTP

Understand how MCP messages travel over STDIO and Streamable HTTP and how to choose the right transport for local and remote servers.

MCP Resources Explained: Giving Agents the Right Context

MCP Resources Explained: Giving Agents the Right Context

Understand MCP resources, resource URIs, templates, discovery, reading, subscriptions, and safe context selection.

MCP Prompts Explained: Reusable Workflows for AI Applications

MCP Prompts Explained: Reusable Workflows for AI Applications

A practical guide to MCP prompts, including discovery, arguments, message content, user control, safety, and design patterns.

MCP Lifecycle and Capability Negotiation

MCP Lifecycle and Capability Negotiation

A current guide to MCP version compatibility, capability discovery, request metadata, feature use, and the transition from older handshakes.

MCP Security and Permissions

MCP Security and Permissions

A practical security model for MCP trust boundaries, authorization, least privilege, approvals, external content, backend credentials, and auditability.

MCP Client Architecture

MCP Client Architecture

Understand how an MCP host manages dedicated clients, discovers server capabilities, applies policy, invokes operations, and handles failures.

MCP + A2A Production Architecture

MCP + A2A Production Architecture

A production architecture for combining MCP capability access with A2A specialist delegation while preserving policy, identity, tracing, and failure boundaries.

Building an MCP Server

Building an MCP Server

A framework-neutral tutorial for designing, implementing, testing, securing, and deploying an MCP server over real backend systems.

A2A Agent Discovery and Agent Cards

A2A Agent Discovery and Agent Cards

Learn how A2A clients discover remote agents, read Agent Cards, match skills and interfaces, evaluate suitability, and begin an interaction.

Shared State and Context in Multi-Agent Systems

Shared State and Context in Multi-Agent Systems

Learn how multi-agent systems separate local context from shared workflow state, exchange artifacts, synchronize updates, persist checkpoints, and avoid state conflicts.

Sequential vs Parallel Agent Execution

Sequential vs Parallel Agent Execution

Compare sequential, parallel, and hybrid agent execution by dependencies, latency, cost, state transfer, synchronization, aggregation, and failure handling.

Multi-Agent Coordination Patterns Explained

Multi-Agent Coordination Patterns Explained

Learn seven practical multi-agent coordination patterns and how they manage roles, ownership, state, handoffs, aggregation, conflicts, and stopping.

Centralized vs Decentralized Multi-Agent Architectures

Centralized vs Decentralized Multi-Agent Architectures

Compare centralized, decentralized, and hybrid multi-agent architectures across control, state, coordination, scale, observability, governance, and resilience.

Agent Routing Patterns: How Agents Choose the Next Worker

Agent Routing Patterns: How Agents Choose the Next Worker

Learn seven agent-routing patterns, from deterministic rules and classifiers to semantic, capability-aware, hierarchical, and fallback routing.

Orchestrator vs Supervisor vs Router in Multi-Agent Systems

Orchestrator vs Supervisor vs Router in Multi-Agent Systems

Compare orchestrators, supervisor agents, and routers by purpose, decision ownership, state responsibility, delegation, routing, and workflow control.

AI Agent Architecture: Components and Data Flow

AI Agent Architecture: Components and Data Flow

Understand modern AI-agent architecture from goals and instructions through reasoning, tools, observations, state updates, guardrails, and stopping.

Agent Workflows and Orchestration Explained

Agent Workflows and Orchestration Explained

Learn how agent workflows and orchestration coordinate steps, dependencies, branches, parallel work, retries, checkpoints, tools, agents, and humans.

Agent Handoffs, Delegation, and Sub-Agents

Agent Handoffs, Delegation, and Sub-Agents

Learn how delegation, handoffs, and sub-agents divide work while preserving task ownership, context, state, permissions, and reliable result contracts.

Agent Graphs and State Machines Explained

Agent Graphs and State Machines Explained

Learn how agent graphs and state machines make nodes, edges, branches, loops, checkpoints, transitions, retries, and terminal outcomes explicit.